A Comparison of Early Shoot Development of Seedlings of Some Trees Commonly Raised in the Northeast of North America


Abstract - The shoot system is described for first-season and second-season development of spruces and pines, and for first-season development of birche sand oaks, when growing under non-forced and forced conditions. In spruces, pines, and birches, which germinate epigeously, epicotyledonary shoot extension in the first season is achieved by neoformed growth, which under forced conditions may include syllepsis. In oaks, which germinate hypogeously, one surge of extension growth is achieved by neoformed growth, but subsequent growth surges occur as performed stem sections in successive terminal buds extend. Second-season extension in spruces results from preformed growth from rested buds, and from some neoformed growth. In pines, second-season extension results entirely from extension of preformed stem sections. The stem sections are preformed in resting rosettes of primary leaves (the most common form in non-forced conditions),in resting long-shoot buds, or in different proportions of both of these.
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Publication Northeastern Area Nurserymen's Conference
Event Halifax, NS - 1982
Author G.R. Powell
Published 1982/07/29
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